The smart city model is the latest iteration of this shift, promoting a technologised vision of the city characterised by efficient infrastructure, innovation, and disruption. Public libraries have been entangled in these visions as spaces that support entrepreneurship, innovation, digital literacy, and creative production. While this entanglement has led to increased funding and public reconigation of libraries in some cities, it has also tied them to instrumental economic agendas in tension with the public role they have traditionally served.